ANALISIS KINERJA SISTEM MONITORING KONSUMSI BAHAN BAKAR, ESTIMASI JARAK TEMPUH, DAN JAM KERJA EXCAVATOR BERBASIS IoT MENGGUNAKAN ESP32 DAN SENSOR ULTRASONIK
Abstract
Abstrak - Pengelolaan konsumsi bahan bakar dan pencatatan jam kerja excavator yang masih dilakukan secara manual berpotensi menimbulkan ketidakakuratan data, keterlambatan pengambilan keputusan, serta kesulitan dalam pengawasan operasional alat berat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kinerja sistem Internet of Things (IoT) dalam melakukan monitoring konsumsi bahan bakar, estimasi jarak tempuh, dan jam kerja excavator secara real-time menggunakan mikrokontroler ESP32 dan sensor ultrasonik HC-SR04. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Research and Development (R&D) yang meliputi identifikasi masalah, pengumpulan data, perancangan sistem, pembuatan prototype, pengujian, dan analisis kinerja sistem. Sistem menggunakan ESP32 sebagai pengendali utama, sensor ultrasonik HC-SR04 untuk mendeteksi ketinggian cairan sebagai representasi bahan bakar, serta aplikasi Blynk sebagai media monitoring berbasis Android. Pengujian dilakukan menggunakan wadah simulasi dengan tinggi 30 cm dan jarak sensor ke dasar wadah sebesar 32 cm, sedangkan hasil pengukuran aktual pada prototype digunakan sebagai dasar penyesuaian parameter sistem. Untuk kebutuhan simulasi, setiap perubahan ketinggian cairan sebesar 1 cm direpresentasikan sebagai 1 liter bahan bakar. Kinerja sistem dianalisis berdasarkan kemampuan sensor dalam mendeteksi perubahan ketinggian cairan, perhitungan Fuel Level, Fuel Consumed, estimasi jarak tempuh, pencatatan jam kerja, serta keberhasilan transmisi data secara real-time ke aplikasi Blynk. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem mampu melakukan monitoring Fuel Level, Fuel Consumed, jam kerja, estimasi jarak tempuh, dan status koneksi secara real-time. Sistem juga mampu mengolah perubahan ketinggian cairan menjadi informasi konsumsi bahan bakar dan estimasi jarak tempuh serta mencatat durasi aktif ESP32 sebagai jam kerja. Hasil pengujian tersebut menunjukkan bahwa prototype dapat menjalankan fungsi monitoring sesuai dengan rancangan dan dapat digunakan sebagai dasar pengembangan sistem monitoring operasional excavator berbasis IoT.
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