PENYULUHAN DAN PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN SPRAY ANTINYAMUK BERBAHAN ALAMI DARI DAUN KEMANGI (Ocimum basilicum) SEBAGAI UPAYA PENCEGAHAN GIGITAN Aedes aegypti DI DESA KLIENG MEURIA, KABUPATEN ACEH BESAR
Abstract
AbstrakDemam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) merupakan salah satu penyakit menular yang masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia. Penyakit ini disebabkan oleh virus dengue yang ditularkan melalui gigitan nyamuk Aedes aegypti. Salah satu upaya pencegahan gigitan nyamuk adalah penggunaan repelan berbahan alami yang lebih aman dan ramah lingkungan. Daun kemangi (Ocimum basilicum) merupakan tanaman obat keluarga (TOGA) yang mengandung senyawa aktif seperti linalool, eugenol, dan metil chavicol yang berpotensi sebagai repelan alami terhadap nyamuk. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan masyarakat dalam memanfaatkan daun kemangi sebagai bahan pembuatan spray antinyamuk alami. Metode yang digunakan meliputi penyuluhan, demonstrasi, praktik pembuatan spray antinyamuk berbahan minyak atsiri daun kemangi, serta evaluasi menggunakan pre-test dan post-test. Kegiatan dilaksanakan di Balai Desa Klieng Meuria, Kabupaten Aceh Besar, dengan melibatkan 30 peserta yang terdiri atas ibu rumah tangga, kader PKK, kader Posyandu, dan masyarakat setempat. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pengetahuan peserta dari rata-rata nilai pre-test sebesar 47% menjadi 94% pada post-test. Seluruh peserta juga mampu mempraktikkan pembuatan spray antinyamuk secara mandiri sesuai dengan prosedur yang telah diberikan. Antusiasme peserta selama kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa pemanfaatan tanaman obat keluarga sebagai bahan antinyamuk alami dapat diterima dengan baik oleh masyarakat. Kegiatan ini memberikan manfaat dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan, keterampilan, dan kesadaran masyarakat mengenai pencegahan DBD melalui pemanfaatan tanaman lokal. Spray antinyamuk berbahan daun kemangi dapat menjadi salah satu alternatif repelan alami yang aman, mudah dibuat, ekonomis, serta ramah lingkungan untuk membantu mengurangi risiko gigitan nyamuk Aedes aegypti.
Kata kunci: Aedes aegypti; daun kemangi (Ocimum basilicum), Demam Berdarah Dengue, pengabdian kepada masyarakat, spray antinyamuk.
Abstract
Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) remains one of the major public health problems in Indonesia. The disease is caused by the dengue virus and transmitted through the bites of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. One preventive approach to reduce mosquito bites is the use of natural repellents that are safer and more environmentally friendly than synthetic products. Basil (Ocimum basilicum) is a medicinal plant containing essential oil compounds such as linalool, eugenol, and methyl chavicol, which have the potential to act as natural mosquito repellents. This community service program aimed to improve community knowledge and skills in utilizing basil leaves as a natural mosquito repellent spray. The program employed educational counseling, demonstrations, hands-on training in preparing basil essential oil-based mosquito repellent spray, and evaluation through pre-test and post-test questionnaires. The activity was conducted at the Klieng Meuria Village Hall, Aceh Besar Regency, involving 30 participants consisting of housewives, PKK members, Posyandu cadres, and local community members. The results showed a significant improvement in participants' knowledge, with the average pre-test score increasing from 47% to 94% in the post-test. In addition, all participants were able to independently prepare the mosquito repellent spray according to the demonstrated procedure. The high level of participant engagement indicated that the utilization of medicinal plants as natural mosquito repellents was well accepted by the community. This community service activity successfully enhanced participants' knowledge, practical skills, and awareness regarding dengue prevention through the utilization of local medicinal plants. Basil leaf-based mosquito repellent spray can serve as a safe, economical, environmentally friendly, and easy-to-prepare natural alternative to help reduce the risk of Aedes aegypti mosquito bites.
Keywords: Aedes aegypti; basil (Ocimum basilicum); community service; Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever; natural mosquito repellent spray.
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