Analisis Pengelolaan Limbah Medis di Puskesmas Kabupaten Aceh Timur

Abstract

Puskemsas merupakan fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan dasar sekaligus melakukan pengelolaan limbah medis sesuai Peraturan MLHK RI No: P.56/MenLHK-Setjen/2015. Puskesmas Lokop dan Puskesmas Lubok Pempeng Kecamatan Ranto Peureulak pengelolaan limbah medis meliputi pemilahan, penyimpanan, pengangkutan, pengolahan, penguburan atau penimbunan belum efektif diduga disebabkan keterbatasan dana, keterbatasan petugas, pelatihan tidak memadai dan fasilitas kurang mendukung terutama insenerator. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis pengelolaan limbah medis di Puskesmas Kabupaten Aceh Timur. Jenis penelitian adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Informan penelitian berjumlah 8 orang terdiri dari 2 orang kepala Puskesmas, 2 orang petugas kesehatan lingkungan Puskesmas, dan 1 orang Kabid Kesehatan Lingkungan Dinas Kesehatan dan 2 orang bendahara Puskesmas dan 1 orang Kepala Dinas Lingkungan Hidup. Penelitian dilakukan bulan September–November tahun 2020 melalui wawancara dan observasi. Data dianalisis menggunakan deskriptif kualitatif melalui tahapan reduksi data, penyajian dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemilihan limbah medis sudah dilakukan tetapi belum didukung fasilitas pendukung, penyimpanan menggunakan kantung plastik warna hitam dan kardus tidak tahan benda tajam dan air, limbah medis diangkut tanpa alat pengangkut sejenis angkong (troly) dan areal penguburan/ penimbunan limbah medis belum sesuai peraturan. Pengelolaan limbah medis belum efektif  karena keterbatasan biaya, sumber daya manusia, dan juga areal pekarangan Puskesmas. Kesimpulannya bahwa pelaksanaan pengelolaan limbah medis belum terlaksana sesuai Peraturan MLHK RI No: P.56/MenLHK-Setjen/2015. Disarankan Dinas Kesehatan dapat menerbitkan usulan anggaran dana pengelolaan limbah medis dan meningkatkan kerjasama lintas sektoral dalam pengawasan, pelatihan dan supervisi kepada setiap Puskesmas.        

Kata Kunci:  Pengelolaan Limbah Medis

Puskesmas is a basic health service facility as well as medical waste management in accordance with MLHK RI Regulation No: P.56/MenLHK-Setjen/2015. Lokop Health Center and Lubok Pempeng Health Center, Ranto Peureulak District, medical waste management including sorting, storage, transportation, processing, burial or stockpiling has not been effective, allegedly due to limited funds, limited staff, inadequate training and inadequate facilities, especially incinerator. The purpose of the study was to analyze the management of medical waste at the East Aceh District Health Center. This type of research is qualitative with a phenomenological approach. The research informants were 8 people consisting of 2 heads of health centers, 2 environmental health workers at the health centers, and 1 person from the Head of Environmental Health, the Health Office and 2 treasurers of the Puskesmas and 1 head of the Environmental Service. The research was conducted in September-November 2020 through interviews and observations. Data were analyzed using qualitative descriptive analysis through the stages of data reduction, presentation and conclusion. The results showed that the selection of medical waste has been carried out but has not been supported by supporting facilities, storage using black plastic bags and cardboard cannot withstand sharp objects and water, medical waste is transported without a means of transporting a rickshaw (troly) and the burial / landfill area of medical waste has not been implemented because limited costs, human resources, and also the area of the Puskesmas yard. The conclusion is that the implementation of medical waste management has not been implemented in accordance with the MLHK RI Regulation No: P.56 / MenLHK-Setjen / 2015. Recommended that the Health Office be able to issue a budget proposal for medical waste management funds in each Puskesmas and increase cross-sectoral cooperation in supervision, training and supervision of Puskesmas.

Keywords: Medical Waste Management