Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Stunting di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Lueng Keubeu Jagat Kabupaten Nagan Raya Tahun 2021

Rozi Juliandika, Donal Nababan, Frida Lina Tarigan

Abstract


Balita stunting di wilayah Puskesmas Lueng Keubeu jagat masih tinggi. Upaya yang dilakukan untuk menurukan angka kejadian stunting berupa penyuluhan, pemberian makanan tambahan belum memberikan dampak yang signifikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahuai faktor penyebab kejadian stunting usia 2-5 tahun di Puskesmas Lueng Keubeu. Desain Penelitian ini adalah cross sectional study. Data yang dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner dengan besar sampel 124 ibu balita yang terdiri dari 62 ibu yang memiliki balita stunting dan 62 ibu yang memiliki balita normal. Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan pengetahuan (p=0.003), riwayat asi eksklusif (p=0.008), dukungan suami (p=0.007), pendapatan keluarga (p= 0.004), dan pola makan (p=0.000) dengan stunting. Factor dominan yang paling berpengaruh terhadap stunting adalah riwayat asi eksklusif (p=0.04 dan OR=0.235). Berdasarkan analisis multivariat, variabel dominan yang berhubungan dengan kejadian stunting secara berturut turut adalah Riwayat asi eksklusif (OR=0.235; 95%CI: 0.088-0.630 ), dukungan suami (OR=0.129; 95%CI: 0.043-0.390) dan pola makan (OR=0.068; 95%CI: 0.024-0.192). Disimpulkan bahwa pemberian asi eksklusif dapat menurunkan kejadian stunting 0.23 kali dari pada balita tidak mendapatkan asi ekslusif.

Kata kunci : Pengetahuan, Riwayat Asi Eklusif, Dukungan Suami, Pendapatan Keluarga, Pola Makan, Stunting

Stunting toddlers in the Lueng Keubeu Jagat Health Center area was still high. Efforts made to reduce stunting rates in the form of counseling, supplementary feeding have not had a significant impact. This study aims to determine the factors that cause stunting at the age of 2-5 years at the Lueng Keubeu Public Health Center. Design this research is a cross sectional study. The data were collected using a questionnaire with a sample size of 124 mothers with toddlers consisting of 62 mothers who had stunting toddlers and 62 mothers who had normal toddlers. The results of the bivariate analysis showed that there was a relationship between knowledge (p = 0.003), history of exclusive breastfeeding (p = 0.008), husband's support (p = 0.007), family income (p = 0.004), and diet (p = 0.000) with stunting. The dominant factor that most influenced stunting was a history of exclusive breastfeeding (p=0.04 and OR=0.235). Based on multivariate analysis, the dominant variables related to the incidence of stunting sequentially were history of exclusive breastfeeding (OR=0.235; 95%CI: 0.088-0.630 ), husband's support (OR=0.129; 95%CI: 0.043-0.390) and diet ( OR=0.068; 95%CI: 0.024-0.192). It was concluded that that exclusive breastfeeding could reduce the incidence of stunting by 0.23 times compared to infants who did not receive exclusive breastfeeding.

Keywords : Knowledge, Exclusive Breastfeeding History, Husband's Support, Family Income, Diet, Stunting

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33143/jhtm.v8i2.2329

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