ANALISIS PENGOBATAN TUBERKULOSIS PARU DENGAN STRATEGI DOTS (DIRECT OBSERVED TREATMENT SHORT COURSE) DI PUSKESMAS KECAMATAN SEI DADAP SEI DADAP KABUPATEN ASAHAN

Abstract

Tuberculosis merupakan penyakit infeksi menular yang disebabkan mycobacterium tuberculosi yang menyerang paru-paru dan hampir seluruh organ tubuh lainnya. Bakteri dapat masuk melalui saluran pernafasan dan saluran pencernaan (GI) dan luka terbuka pada kulit. Tetapi paling banyak melalui inhalasi doplet yang berasal dari orang yang terinfeksi bakteri tersebut. Jenis dan rancangan penelitian menggunakan jenis penelitian adalah studi kasus menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan rancangan deskriptif. Informan dalam penelitian 8 orang. Pengumpulan data dengan cara melakukan observasi observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Puskesmas dalam melaksanakan program penanggulangan TB belum berjalan dnegan baik.  Sumber daya manusia, ketersediaan sarana dan prasarana pendukung dan dukungan dana dari Pemerintah Daerah maupun Pusat sudah diperoleh walaupun secara umum belum maksimal. Pelaksana Program TB di Puskesmas belum seluruhnya terlatih, dukungan dana masih minim dan sarana prasarana pendukung lainnya masih perlu untuk dipenuhi, Pengawas menelan obat dalam penelitian ini secara umum telah mengetahui tugas dan fungsinya dimana petugas TB Puskesmas terlebih dahulu memberikan penjelasan kepada PMO bersama-sama dengan Pasien akan pentingnya kepatuhan dan keteraturan minum obat. Sistem pencatatan dan pelaporan di Puskesmas belum terlaksana sesuai dengan Pedoman Penanggulangan TB Nasional. Puskesmas telah menggunakan Aplikasi Sistem Informasi Tuberkulosis (SITB) tetapi pelaporan selalu terlambat setiap bulannya sehingga berdampak terhadap evaluasi program.

Kata Kunci : Tuberkulosis, Strategi DOTS dan PMO

Tuberculosis is a contagious infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis which attacks the lungs and almost all other organs of the body. Bacteria can enter through the respiratory tract and digestive (GI) tract and open wounds on the skin. But most often through inhalation of droplets from people infected with the bacteria. The type and design of the research using this type of research is a case study using qualitative methods with a descriptive design. The informants in the research were 8 people. Data collection is done by conducting observations, interviews and documentation. The results of the research show that the Community Health Center in implementing the TB control program has not run well.  Human resources, availability of supporting facilities and infrastructure and financial support from the Regional and Central Government have been obtained although in general it has not been maximized. The TB program implementers at the Community Health Centers are not yet fully trained, financial support is still minimal and other supporting infrastructure still needs to be met. The drug swallowing supervisors in this study generally know their duties and functions, where the TB Community Health Officers first provide an explanation to the PMO together with Patients will understand the importance of compliance and regularity in taking medication. The recording and reporting system at the Community Health Center has not been implemented in accordance with the National TB Control Guidelines. The Community Health Center has used the Tuberculosis Information System Application (SITB) but reporting is always late every month, which has an impact on program evaluation.

Keywords: Tuberculosis, DOTS Strategy and PMO