Pengaruh Self Management Terhadap Kepatuhan Lansia Konsumsi Obat Hipertensi di Puskesmas Lampaseh Kota Banda Aceh Tahun 2023

Abstract

Tingginya kasus hipertensi disebabkan karena masih rendahnya pengontrolan hipertensi yang disebabkan karena adanya masalah self management. Self management merupakan kemampuan lansia dalam mempertahankan perilaku yang efektif termasuk mengatur pola makan dan olahraga, menggunakan obat yang direkomendasikan, pemantauan mandiri dan mengatasi emosional. Tujuan Penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh self management terhadap kepatuhan lansia konsumsi obat hipertensi di Puskesmas Lampaseh Kota Banda Aceh Tahun 2023. Metode penelitian ini bersifat Analitik dengan jumlah populasi sebanyak 267 orang dan jumlah sampel sebanyak 73 orang lansia yang mengalami hipertensi, tehknik pengambilan sampel secara Accidental Sampling. Penelitian ini telah dilakukan pada tanggal 4 s/d 11 September 2023 dengan analisa univariat dan bivariat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 73 responden sebagian besar kepatuhan konsumsi obat hipertensi pada kategori kurang patuh sebanyak 32 orang (43,8%), memiliki self management kurang sebanyak 38 orang (52,1%), integrasi diri kurang sebanyak 39 orang (53,4%), interaksi dengan petugas kesehatan dan lainnya sebanyak 41 orang (56,2%), sebagian pemantauan tekanan darah sebanyak 44 orang (60,3%), sebagian besar kepatuhan terhadap aturan pada kategori kurang sebanyak 38 orang (52,1%) dengan p value untuk self managemen diri (P=0,001), integrasi diri (p=0,001), regulasi diri (p=0,007), interaksi (p=0,002), pemantauan (p=0,014) kepatuhan (p=0,003) dengan kepatuhan mengkonsumis obat hipertensi. Diharapkan pada tempat penelitian untuk mengadakan penyuluhan kesehatan tentang kepatuhan konsumsi obat hipertensi dengan melakukan kerjasama dengan lintas sectoral yaitu Dinas Kesehatan dan Puskesmas.

Kata Kunci: Hipertensi, Lansia, Self Management

The low control of hypertension caused high cases of hypertension. It occurs because of self-management problems. Self-management is the Elderly's ability to manage diet and exercise patterns effectively, use recommended medications, self-monitor, and cope with emotions. This study aimed to examine the influence of self-management on elderly adherence to hypertension medication at the Lampaseh Community Health Center, Banda Aceh Municipality, in 2023. This study employed a quantitative method. The population of this study was 267 people. Then, 73 elderly with hypertension were chosen by accidental sampling technique as samples of this study. This research was conducted from 11 to 18 August 2023 using univariate and bivariate analysis. The findings showed that 32 respondents (43.8%) of 73 respondents were in the less adherence category in consuming hypertension medication, 38 respondents (52.1%) were in the Poor Category for self-management, 39 respondents (53.4%) were in the Poor Category for self-integration, 41 respondents (56.2%) were in the Poor Category for interactions with health workers and others, 44 respondents (60.3%) were in the Poor Category for monitoring blood pressure, 38 respondents (52.1%) were in the Poor Category for adherence to treatment rules, with a p-value for self management (P=0.001), self-integration (p=0.001), self-regulation (p=0.007), interaction (p=0.002), monitoring (p=0.014), and adherence (p=0.003) for adherence in taking hypertension medication. Hence, health workers are expected to provide health education about adherence to hypertension medication by collaborating between the Health Agency and the Community Health Center.

Keywords: Hypertension, Elderly, Self Management